1. Willy Loman's Occupation and Identity: Willy Loman, the main character, is a 63-year-old salesman who has spent his life pursuing the American Dream of success and financial prosperity. His identity is closely tied to his job as a salesman, and his self-worth is measured by his ability to sell and earn commissions.
2. Decline and Failure: Willy's declining sales performance and increasing desperation to succeed lead to his eventual failure as a salesman. He becomes frustrated, disillusioned, and unable to cope with the changing realities of the business world. His failure casts a shadow over his entire life and contributes to his downward spiral.
3. Loss of Purpose: As Willy's career falters, he loses his sense of purpose and direction. He feels worthless and insignificant, leading to a profound existential crisis. The title highlights this loss of purpose and the devastating consequences it has on Willy's life.
4. Tragic Ending: The play culminates in Willy's tragic death, which is a direct result of his failure as a salesman. He believes that his death will provide his family with financial security through the insurance payout, showcasing the extent to which his identity and self-worth are tied to his career.
5. Commentary on the American Dream: The title "Death of a Salesman" serves as a commentary on the American Dream's dark side. It critiques the relentless pursuit of wealth and success and the toll it takes on individuals and their relationships. Willy's story represents a cautionary tale about the dangers of sacrificing one's integrity and personal well-being in the pursuit of a flawed ideal.
In essence, the title "Death of a Salesman" encapsulates the central conflict, tragic trajectory, and social commentary of the play. It highlights the devastating impact of Willy Loman's failure as a salesman on his life, his family, and the broader American society that revolves around material success and status.