1. Multi-purpose tools: These tools combine several functions into a single unit, such as pliers, screwdrivers, wrenches, and cutters. They are designed to be lightweight and versatile, allowing astronauts to perform a variety of tasks without having to carry multiple separate tools.
2. Power tools: Astronauts also carry power tools, such as drills, saws, and sanders, for heavy-duty tasks or for working on materials that require more force. These tools are often cordless and powered by rechargeable batteries.
3. Hand tools: Astronauts carry a variety of hand tools, including screwdrivers, pliers, wrenches, sockets, hammers, and pry bars. These tools are used for tasks such as tightening bolts, removing panels, and making adjustments to equipment.
4. Cutting tools: Astronauts carry a variety of cutting tools, including knives, scissors, and wire cutters, for tasks such as cutting wires, fabrics, and other materials. These tools are designed to be safe and easy to use in the microgravity environment of space.
5. Measurement tools: Astronauts carry measurement tools, such as rulers, tape measures, and levels, for tasks such as measuring distances, angles, and alignment. These tools are essential for accurate construction and repair work.
6. Inspection tools: Astronauts carry inspection tools, such as flashlights, mirrors, and magnifying glasses, for examining equipment, surfaces, and structures for damage, wear, or other issues. These tools help astronauts ensure the safety and functionality of their spacecraft.
7. Repair kits: Astronauts carry repair kits containing a variety of materials and tools for fixing and repairing equipment. These kits may include adhesives, sealants, tapes, and other supplies for quick and efficient repairs.
8. Spacewalk tools: For spacewalks, astronauts carry specialized tools designed for use in the vacuum of space. These tools may include long-handled tools for reaching hard-to-reach areas, tethered tools to prevent them from floating away, and specialized tools for specific tasks, such as capturing satellites or repairing equipment on the exterior of the spacecraft.
The exact composition of an astronaut's tool kit can vary depending on the specific mission and the tasks that need to be performed. Astronauts receive training on how to use these tools effectively and safely in the harsh and challenging environment of space.