1. Loneliness and Isolation: This is perhaps the most obvious theme. The story centers on three characters, all of whom are grappling with loneliness and isolation in different ways. The old man, who feels "nothing," epitomizes this. The younger waiter, who is more optimistic, struggles with a sense of being alone, while the older waiter, who is more experienced, has come to terms with the inevitability of loneliness.
2. The Search for Meaning and Purpose: The old man's struggle with meaninglessness is at the heart of the story. He feels empty and hopeless, finding little solace in life. The older waiter, on the other hand, seems to find meaning in his work, finding comfort in providing a "well-lighted place" for those who are struggling.
3. The Struggle with Darkness (both literal and figurative): The story uses the contrast between light and darkness to symbolize the struggle against despair and loneliness. The well-lighted cafe represents a place of refuge and comfort, while the darkness outside symbolizes the emptiness and fear that the characters face.
4. The Role of Alcohol: While not the central theme, alcohol plays a significant role in the story, acting as a temporary escape from the harsh realities of life. The old man uses alcohol to numb his feelings, while the waiters use it to cope with their own anxieties.
5. The Importance of Human Connection: Despite their own struggles with loneliness, the characters in the story show a desire for human connection. The older waiter's compassion for the old man, the younger waiter's attempts to understand the old man's despair, and the brief conversation between the waiters all point to the importance of connection even in the face of loneliness.
Ultimately, "A Well-Lighted Place" is a meditation on the human condition, exploring themes of loneliness, meaninglessness, and the struggle against darkness. It's a story that leaves the reader pondering the nature of human existence and the importance of finding light in the face of darkness.