Grief and Melancholy: Hamlet's father, King Hamlet, has recently passed away, and Hamlet is deeply grieving his loss. This profound grief leads him to contemplate the futility of life and the desire for an end to his suffering.
Disillusionment with the World: Hamlet becomes disillusioned with the world he lives in. He discovers the corruption, deceit, and moral ambiguity within his family and the Danish court. This disillusionment leads him to question his own place and purpose in a world he perceives as corrupt.
Moral Dilemma: Hamlet is faced with the moral dilemma of avenging his father's murder. The ghost of his father demands revenge, but Hamlet struggles with the moral implications of taking another life. This internal conflict can lead to feelings of guilt, shame, and self-loathing, contributing to his suicidal thoughts.
Existential Crisis: Hamlet's contemplation of suicide is intertwined with his existential questioning of life and death. He philosophizes about the nature of existence, the afterlife, and the potential for eternal rest as a release from worldly suffering.
It's important to note that Hamlet's suicidal ideation is not solely driven by one specific factor but rather a combination of various internal and external conflicts that overwhelm him. Throughout the play, he contemplates suicide as an escape from his pain, but ultimately, he is unable to bring himself to take his own life.