1. String: These instruments include the violin, viola, cello, and double bass. They are all played by plucking the strings.
2. Wind: This family includes the flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, and contrabassoon. These instruments are all played by blowing air across a reed.
3. Brass: This family includes the trumpet, trombone, French horn, and tuba. These instruments are all played by blowing air through a metal tube.
4. Percussion: This family includes a wide variety of instruments such as drums, cymbals, and glockenspiels. These instruments are played by striking them.
Some additional instruments that can be found in the orchestra are the harp, the piano, and the synthesizer. These instruments are not technically classified into any of the four families.
The instrumentation of an orchestra can vary depending on the composer's specifications. A standard symphony orchestra typically has around 100 musicians.