The film's themes include:
- Racism and discrimination: The film depicts the racism and discrimination that black soldiers faced during the Civil War, both from within the Union Army and from Confederate soldiers.
- Courage and sacrifice: The 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry showed great courage and sacrifice in fighting for their freedom and for the abolition of slavery.
- Leadership: Colonel Robert Gould Shaw, the white commander of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, showed great leadership and dedication in leading his men into battle.
- Unity: The film emphasizes the importance of unity in the face of adversity, and the power of people coming together to fight for a common cause.