What does Stephen Spender mean by history theirs whose language is the sun in hs poem an elementary school classroom a slum?

In the poem "An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum" by Stephen Spender, the line "History theirs whose language is the sun" suggests that those who hold power and influence in society are those who control the dominant narrative and shape the course of history. The "sun" here can be interpreted as a symbol of power, authority, and the ability to illuminate and shape perceptions. Those who possess this power have the means to dictate the historical record and determine what is remembered, forgotten, or marginalized.

The phrase "History theirs whose language is the sun" highlights the inequality and power dynamics present in society. Those who are marginalized and oppressed often have their voices silenced or ignored, while those in positions of power have the ability to shape the world according to their own perspectives and interests. The poem critiques this imbalance and draws attention to the ways in which history is shaped by the dominant forces in society.

By suggesting that history belongs to those whose language is the sun, Spender challenges readers to question whose voices and perspectives are being excluded or suppressed in the historical narrative. The poem encourages us to consider how power structures influence the way we understand and interpret the past, and calls for a more inclusive and diverse representation of history that gives voice to the marginalized and oppressed.