Funds for Writers offers listings of various grants available to writers, including Kickstarter, which is an innovative "all-or-nothing" funding source in which a collection of funders must support the proposed project 100% or the money is not granted.
Charles Redd Center Publications awards $3000 annually for the "publication of scholarly studies on the Mountain West (defined as including the states of Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico)," according to http://reddcenter.byu.edu/Awards/PubGrants.dhtml.
The Millard Meiss Publication Fund offers awards of $4,000 to $10,000 annually for the publication of "scholarly manuscripts in the history of art, visual studies, and related subjects that have been accepted by a publisher on their merits, but cannot be published in the most desirable form without a subsidy," according to http://www.collegeart.org/meiss/guidelines.html. Please note that The Millard Meiss Publication Fund has been suspended for Spring 2010.
The Society of Children's Book Writers and Illustrators offer grants annually for picture books, including the Barbara Karlin grant, which awards $1,500 annually to the winner and $500 to the runner-up. The Don Freeman grant offers $2,000 annually to the winner and $500 to the runner-up. Information on these grants and other awards, which are funded by Amazon.com, may be found at http://www.scbwi.org/Pages.aspx/Introduction.
Furthermore accepts nonfiction book manuscripts from 501(c)3 organizations. They prefer manuscripts "about the city; natural and historic resources; art, architecture, and design; cultural history; and civil liberties and other public issues of the day. Our grants apply to writing, research, editing, design, indexing, photography, illustration, and printing and binding." Awards range from $500 to $15,000 and are granted twice a year. Deadlines are March 15 and September 15 each year, according to http://www.furthermore.org/.
The Walt Whitman Award offers publication by Louisiana State University Press to a new author for a book of original poetry. The annual award also includes $5,000 and a one-month residency at The Vermont Center. The submission guidelines can be found at http://www.poets.org/page.php/prmID/121.
The Pen American Center offers promising American writers several literary fellowships and award opportunities. The Pen American Center also has a newsletter listing of annual awards, some of which are for book publishing, at http://www.pen.org/page.php/prmID/1763.