Because aerosols are sprayed into the air they can be easily inhaled. Among the things blown into the air by the aerosol are droplets of the fixative compound that can be breathed in. Respiratory problems can result from this inhalation, including interstitial lung disease, which can cause shortness of breath and a dry cough. If the work area isn't well ventilated, breathing apparatus should be used to prevent inhalation of toxins.
In addition to the active ingredients, aerosols contain propellants that may include compressed gasses such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, as well as hydrocarbons, that are extremely flammable, posing a fire hazard when used. The work area must be well ventilated to prevent fire.
Skin irritation can also develop from toxic aerosol fixatives. Though the fixative is sprayed into the air, skin contact can still occur. Wear protective clothing, and avoid skin contact with the fixative.
Breathing in the fixative can also cause headaches, dizziness and even nausea or vomiting. Proper ventilation and use of a respirator will reduce inhalation of toxins and help to prevent these problems.
Though any of the described problems can result from long- or short-term exposure to toxic aerosol fixatives, long-term exposure is especially dangerous, with possible effects including kidney, liver and central nervous system damage. Because these effects can be so devastating, taking precautions to avoid exposure is crucial for health and safety.