1. Elizabethan Era (1558-1603):
- Women's Fashion:
- Elaborate gowns with high, ruff collars.
- Tight bodices with V-shaped necklines and decorative trims.
- Wide sleeves often puffed at the shoulders and tight at the wrists.
- Layered skirts with petticoats and farthingales (hoop skirts) to create a bell-shaped silhouette.
- Ornate headdresses, such as jewelled caps, veils, and elaborate hairpieces.
- Men's Fashion:
- Doublets and hose: Fitted doublets with puffed sleeves and hose (tights) that covered the legs.
- Long cloaks or coats with fur or velvet trim for formal occasions.
- Ruffled shirts and lace cuffs.
- Breeches (knee-length trousers) for outdoor activities.
- Hats like feathered caps, berets, and tricorn hats.
2. Jacobean Era (1603-1625):
- Women's Fashion:
- Higher necklines and smaller ruffs on gowns.
- Wider skirts and more elaborate decorations.
- Lace trimmings and embroidery became increasingly popular.
- Pointed bodices with V-shaped necklines.
- Wide-brimmed hats and elaborate hairstyles.
- Men's Fashion:
- Shorter doublets and looser breeches.
- Lace and embroidery adorned both doublets and breeches.
- High boots and riding boots became common.
- Soft, wide-brimmed hats called cavaliers were fashionable.
- Ruffled collars gradually became smaller and less prominent.
Throughout Shakespeare's time, vibrant colors, rich fabrics like silk, velvet, and wool, and intricate embroidery were highly valued in clothing. Social status played a vital role in fashion, and only the wealthy could afford elaborate garments and expensive accessories. Sumptuary laws were enacted to regulate the clothing of different social classes.
Shakespeare's plays often reflected and commented on the fashion trends of his era. Characters in his plays often used their clothing as a means of self-expression, social status, and deception.