1. Apartheid and Racial Inequality: Growing up in South Africa during the apartheid era, Fugard witnessed firsthand the oppressive system and its impact on the lives of Black South Africans. He brings this perspective to "Boesman and Lena," delving into the harsh realities of racial segregation and economic inequality. The play portrays the struggles of the titular characters, who are classified as "Coloured" under apartheid, as they grapple with poverty, unemployment, and social marginalization.
2. Intersection of Social Issues: Fugard's experiences also allowed him to explore the intersections of race, class, and gender. In "Boesman and Lena," he portrays the lives of the working class, focusing on the plight of Lena, who faces additional hardships as a woman in a patriarchal society. The play sheds light on the complex social and economic barriers that people from disadvantaged backgrounds encounter, highlighting the disparities between the privileged and the marginalized.
3. Empathy for the Disenfranchised: Fugard's understanding of the lives of marginalized communities comes from his own experiences growing up in Port Elizabeth, a city often characterized by poverty and segregation. He brings a sense of empathy and compassion to his portrayal of Boesman and Lena, two individuals who are resilient despite their dire circumstances. The play challenges the audience to confront social injustice and inequality and to consider the humanity and dignity of those caught in oppressive systems.
4. Symbolism: Fugard's background in theater allows him to use symbolism and allegory effectively in his plays. In "Boesman and Lena," the journey undertaken by the main characters represents the larger struggles of marginalized individuals navigating a racially divided society. The characters' encounter with a young girl named "Outa" also serves as a symbol of hope and resilience amid adversity.
5. Political Commentary: Fugard's plays are often seen as forms of political commentary, expressing his critique of the apartheid regime and its impact on South African society. "Boesman and Lena" carries a strong political message about the dehumanizing effects of apartheid and the urgent need for social change.
In summary, Athol Fugard's background and personal experiences in South Africa during the apartheid era have a profound influence on the themes, characters, and context of his play "Boesman and Lena." His insights into racial inequality, class struggles, and the plight of marginalized communities shape the play's narrative and make it a powerful commentary on the social and political realities of South Africa during that time.