1. From Hubris to Humility: At the start of the play, Oedipus exhibits hubris, a tragic flaw that leads to his downfall. He places excessive trust in his own judgment and disregards any warnings or doubts that arise. As the truth about his past unravels, Oedipus's pride gives way to humility and self-awareness.
2. Discovery of His True Identity: The revelation of Oedipus's true parentage marks a pivotal moment in the play. He learns that he unknowingly killed his father, Laius, and married his mother, Jocasta. This shocking discovery shatters his beliefs and destroys the illusion of his impeccable past.
3. Realization of Blindness: Oedipus comes to recognize his metaphorical blindness, both figuratively and literally. He had been blind to the truth of his origins and the implications of his actions, but now he gains a deeper understanding of his tragic fate.
4. Self-Punishment: Overcome with guilt and shame, Oedipus inflicts self-punishment by gouging out his own eyes. This act symbolizes his refusal to face the horrifying reality of his situation and his internal torment.
5. Exile: Oedipus chooses to leave Thebes and go into exile, acknowledging that he can no longer be a fit ruler. This decision reflects his acceptance of responsibility for his actions and his desire to spare Thebes from further suffering.
In essence, Oedipus's journey throughout the play is marked by a profound transformation from arrogance to humility, ignorance to knowledge, and pride to self-punishment. He emerges as a tragic hero who, through his suffering and self-realization, teaches valuable lessons about the consequences of human pride and ignorance.