Physical Attributes:
* Temperament: Xenophon emphasized a horse's temperament as crucial. He preferred a horse that was spirited but not easily frightened, willing to learn and obey commands, and not prone to viciousness.
* Conformation: He considered proper conformation vital for a horse's health, performance, and longevity. This included balanced proportions, strong legs and feet, and a well-defined back.
* Size and Strength: Xenophon recognized the importance of suitable size and strength for the intended use of the horse. He believed in choosing horses that were large enough to carry a rider comfortably and strong enough to perform their duties.
* Head and Neck: He valued a horse with a well-proportioned head and neck, indicating intelligence and responsiveness. He also favored a straight profile, believing it was more practical for training.
* Feet and Legs: Strong and sound feet and legs were essential for a horse's longevity and athleticism. He advocated for horses with straight legs and strong hooves.
Other Considerations:
* Age: While not explicitly mentioned as a judging criterion, Xenophon understood that horses mature at different rates and that their age impacted their training and performance.
* Experience: He emphasized the importance of choosing horses with appropriate experience for their intended use.
* Training: Xenophon believed that a well-trained horse was worth more than an untamed one. He stressed the importance of early and consistent training.
Overall, Xenophon believed that a good horse was more than just its physical attributes. He placed great emphasis on a horse's temperament, trainability, and suitability for its intended purpose.
It's important to remember that Xenophon wrote during a time when horses were primarily used for warfare, hunting, and transportation. His criteria may not be directly applicable to modern horse judging, where specific breeds are evaluated for specialized purposes.