Dynamic Characters:
* Bruno: He is the main character, a young, innocent boy who is initially oblivious to the horrors of the concentration camp. Bruno undergoes significant change throughout the story. His initial naiveté and childish curiosity evolve into a sense of understanding and empathy for the prisoners. He develops a deep friendship with Shmuel, challenging his preconceived notions about "the other side." Bruno's transformation is marked by his growing awareness of the cruelty and injustice surrounding him.
* Shmuel: A young Jewish boy imprisoned in the camp, Shmuel experiences a profound sense of loss and hardship. Despite his situation, he retains a sense of kindness and humanity, forming a bond with Bruno. His friendship with Bruno offers him a glimmer of hope and companionship in the midst of his suffering.
Static Characters:
* Father: Bruno's father, a high-ranking officer in the Nazi party, remains largely unchanged throughout the story. He embodies the rigid ideology and blind obedience of the Nazi regime. His character serves as a stark contrast to Bruno's growing awareness and empathy.
* Mother: Bruno's mother struggles with the move to the camp and the isolation it brings. While she cares deeply for her children, she remains largely passive and unable to question the authority of her husband. She experiences a level of moral conflict, but doesn't actively challenge the system.
* Gretel: Bruno's sister is somewhat more aware of the situation than her younger brother, but ultimately, she remains indoctrinated by Nazi propaganda and embraces the prejudices of the time. Her character represents the influence of societal indoctrination on young minds.
Important Considerations:
* Static characters are not necessarily "bad" characters. In this case, the static characters represent the prevailing power structures and ideologies of the time.
* Character development is often a matter of interpretation. Some readers might see hints of change in characters like Bruno's mother or Gretel, but these changes are not as significant or central to the narrative as those experienced by Bruno and Shmuel.
By understanding the dynamic and static characters, we can gain a deeper understanding of the themes of innocence, prejudice, and the impact of war on children.