Can the term orchestra be applied to various musical ensembles around world?

Yes. An orchestra can refer to many types of musical ensembles worldwide. While typically denoting a Western ensemble of many instrumentalists organized by family (strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion), the term “orchestra” in the broadest sense could encompass diverse ensembles with comparable organizational principles, sizes, or roles in their societies.

1. Western Classical Orchestra: Commonly called an orchestra, referring to large instrumental ensembles rooted in European classical music.

2. Korean Traditional Orchestra: In South Korea, an “gukak orchestra” includes traditional Korean instruments with both Korean and Western members.

3. Gamelan Orchestra: Indonesian and Javanese ensemble with tuned bronze gongs, gong chimes, xylophones, bamboo flutes, metallophones, drums, etc.

4. Mariachi: Traditional Mexican string band including at least two violins, a Mexican vihuela guitar, guitarrón (bass guitar), and one/two trumpets.

5. Tango Orchestra: Popular ensembles often seen in Argentina with pianos, accordions, double bass, bandoneons, violins, etc.