- Symphonies: Beethoven wrote nine symphonies, which are considered some of the greatest works in Western classical music. His symphonies are known for their dramatic intensity, emotional depth, and innovative use of musical form.
- Concertos: Beethoven wrote concertos for various instruments, including piano, violin, cello, and triple concerto. His concertos are known for their virtuosic demands, expressive melodies, and orchestral brilliance.
- Sonatas: Beethoven wrote numerous sonatas for piano, violin, and cello. His sonatas are known for their exploration of different musical forms and their technical complexity.
- String Quartets: Beethoven wrote sixteen string quartets, which are considered some of the greatest works in chamber music. His string quartets are known for their depth of expression, innovative use of counterpoint and fugue, and emotional intensity.
- Overtures: Beethoven wrote several overtures, including the famous "Coriolan" and "Leonore" overtures. His overtures are known for their dramatic character and their use of orchestral color.
- Variations: Beethoven wrote variations on themes from his own works and those of other composers. His variations are known for their ingenuity and their exploration of different musical themes and techniques.
- Bagatelles: Beethoven wrote a series of short pieces called "bagatelles" for piano. These pieces are known for their simplicity, charm, and musical wit.
- Lieder: Beethoven wrote a number of lieder (German art songs) with piano accompaniment. His lieder are known for their expressive melodies and their exploration of different poetic texts.