Idiophones are instruments that produce sound by vibrating the entire instrument. Examples include xylophones, glockenspiels, and castanets.
Membranophones:
Membranophones are instruments that produce sound by vibrating a stretched membrane. Examples include drums, tambourines, and timpani.
Chordophones:
Chordophones are instruments that produce sound by vibrating a string or strings. Examples include guitars, violins, and harps.
Aerophones:
Aerophones are instruments that produce sound by vibrating a column of air. Examples include flutes, clarinets, and trumpets.
Electrophones:
Electrophones are instruments that produce sound by converting electrical signals into sound waves. Examples include synthesizers, electric guitars, and drum machines.