1.Strings (Piano Wires): These are the metal strings stretched inside a piano. When a piano key is pressed, a small hammer strikes the corresponding strings, causing them to vibrate.
2. Soundboard: The soundboard is a large, thin wooden panel located under the strings. When the strings vibrate, they transfer the vibrations to the soundboard, which amplifies and resonates the sound.
3. Bridges and Pins: The strings are fixed at one end to the tuning pins and at the other end to the bridge, which is glued to the soundboard. These components affect the string's tension and influence the overall sound quality.
4. Hammers: The hammers are covered with felt and are attached to the keys. They strike the strings when keys are pressed. The weight, size, and material of the hammers influence the piano's tone.
5. Dampers: Dampers are small felt pads that rest against the strings when the keys are released. They stop the strings from continuing to vibrate, controlling the sustain and decay of the sound.
When a key is pressed, the key lever triggers a mechanism that causes the hammer to strike the strings. The vibrations of the strings are transmitted to the soundboard, where they are amplified and projected out through the piano's soundboard and sound holes into the room.
The combination of the vibrating strings, soundboard, bridges, hammers, and dampers results in the production of sound in a piano.