Firstly, the primary difference lies in the construction and mechanism of the instruments. A piano is a stringed instrument, where each key is connected to a set of hammers that strike metal strings. The vibration of these strings creates sound. On the other hand, a keyboard, also known as an electronic keyboard or synthesizer, is an electronic instrument that produces sound through electronic circuits and speakers.
Here is a table summarizing their key differences:
Feature Piano Keyboard
Instrument type String Electronic
Sound production Hammers strike strings Electronic circuits
Tone Complex, with natural resonance Variable, depending on the sound settings
Sustain Natural decay due to string vibration Sustained electronically, adjustable decay
Portability Typically not portable Portable
Keyboard size 88 keys Varies, typically around 61 to 88
Touch response Yes Can vary, often adjustable
Weight and size Heavy and large Can vary, typically smaller and lighter
Versatility Limited to piano sounds Can produce a variety of sounds, including piano
Price range Generally expensive Can vary from inexpensive to high-end
Additional details:
- Touch response/Action: Pianos have a weighted key action that mimics the feel of playing a traditional acoustic piano. This allows for more nuanced control over dynamics and expression. Most keyboards have a lighter, spring-based key action, though some higher-end models offer touch-sensitive keys for increased expressiveness.
- Sound: The sound of a piano is unique due to the natural decay and resonance of the strings. Keyboards can often replicate this sound quite accurately through digital sampling, but the overall tone may lack the characteristic expressiveness and complexity of a real piano.
- Sustain: When you release a key on a piano, the sound continues to decay naturally due to the vibrating strings. Keyboards, however, can sustain notes electronically without any loss of volume, allowing for longer-held sounds.
- Portability: Pianos are typically large, heavy instruments and are not easily moved. Keyboards, on the other hand, are much more portable, making them suitable for performances and travel.
Overall, while both pianos and keyboards feature keys and can produce musical sounds, they differ in their construction, sound, and functionality. Pianos are revered for their rich, natural sound and are widely considered the definitive instrument for classical music. Keyboards offer versatility, portability, and a wide range of sounds, making them popular for a variety of genres, from pop and rock to electronic music.