Sustain is an important aspect of musical performance and sound production, as it influences the overall sonic character and expressiveness of the music. It can be controlled by various means, including the musician's technique, the design of the instrument, and the use of effects pedals or software.
Here are a few examples of sustain in different musical contexts:
1. Electric Guitar: Sustain is a key characteristic of electric guitar playing, especially in genres such as rock, blues, and metal. It is achieved by using distortion or overdrive pedals, which amplify and enhance the natural decay of the guitar strings, resulting in longer-lasting notes. Guitarists can also employ techniques like legato and hammer-ons/pull-offs to extend the sustain of notes without picking each individual string.
2. Piano: Sustain on a piano is controlled by the sustain pedal (also known as the damper pedal). Pressing the sustain pedal raises the dampers off the strings, allowing them to vibrate freely and produce sound even after the keys are released. This creates a rich, resonant sustain that is essential in many classical, jazz, and pop piano pieces.
3. Synthesizers: Synthesizers often have a dedicated "sustain" control, which determines how long a note will continue to sound after the key is released. This parameter allows electronic musicians to create a wide range of sounds, from short and percussive notes to long, ethereal pads and textures.
4. Vocals: In vocal music, sustain refers to the ability of a singer to hold a note for an extended period of time. This requires good breath control and vocal technique, and it is often a desired skill in genres like opera, classical singing, and R&B.
Sustain is an integral part of musical expression, contributing to the creation of melodies, harmonies, and atmospheres. It allows musicians to shape notes, add emotional depth to their performances, and create engaging and dynamic soundscapes.