Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179) was a German Benedictine abbess, writer, composer, philosopher, and visionary. She is considered to be one of the most important figures in the history of women's spirituality. Hildegard was a prolific writer, and her works include theological treatises, letters, poems, and songs. She was also a gifted musician, and her compositions are some of the earliest examples of Western polyphony. Hildegard was a strong advocate for women's rights, and she spoke out against the oppression of women in her society. She is a significant figure in the history of literature, music, and religious thought.