When yom Kippur falls on the sabbath, it is known as a `Shabbos Yom Kippur, `which has some special considerations and observances. Here is how yom Kippur is celebrated when it falls on shabbat:
1. Fasting:
Just like any other Yom Kippur, fasting is still strictly observed from sunset on Friday evening until the stars appear on Saturday night. This means that those who are required to fast refrain from eating, drinking, bathing, anointing themselves with oils, wearing leather shoewear, and sexual relations.
2. Prayer services:
On Shabbos Yom Kippur, there are additional prayers and services that are incorporated into the traditional yom Kippur liturgy. The day begins with the `Kol Nidre` service on Friday evening, followed by the `Maariv` service. The morning services include the `Shacharit` prayers, additional readings from the Torah and prophets, and the `Musaf` prayer.
In the afternoon, the `Mincha` prayer is recited, followed by the `Neilah` prayer, which marks the end of Yom Kippur. Each service is adapted to include aspects of both Yom Kippur and Shabbat.
3. Candle Lighting:
Since Yom Kippur begins on Friday evening, it is customary to light Shabbat candles before sunset. This is because the lighting of candles is considered a Mitzvah (good deed), and is permitted on Yom Kippur.
4. Shabbat Preparations:
Before Yom Kippur begins, it is important to make preparations for Shabbat. This includes baking challah bread, cooking meals for Shabbat, and preparing the home for the holiday. These preparations are typically done before sunset on Friday afternoon, prior to the start of yom Kippur.
5. Havdalah Ceremony:
The Havdalah ceremony, which marks the end of Shabbat, is usually performed at the conclusion of yom Kippur, after the `Neilah` service. The Havdalah ritual includes lighting a special candle, reciting blessings over wine, spices, and Havdalah candle.
It is important to note that specific customs and observances may vary depending on different Jewish communities and traditions. Therefore, it is always best to consult with a Rabbi or religious authority for guidance on how to celebrate Yom Kippur when it falls on Shabbat.