Melody: A series of notes that form a recognizable pattern.
Harmony: The simultaneous combination of notes that are pleasing to the ear.
Rhythm: The pattern of strong and weak beats in music.
Tempo: The speed at which a piece of music is played.
Timbre: The quality of a sound that distinguishes it from other sounds.
Dynamics: The relative loudness or softness of a piece of music.
Texture: The overall sound of a piece of music, including the number of instruments playing, the range of pitches, and the density of the sound.
Form: The overall structure of a piece of music, including the introduction, verse, chorus, and bridge.
Instrumentation: The instruments used to perform a piece of music.