* Türk Sanat Müziği (Turkish Classical Music): This genre is characterized by improvised performances, complex rhythms, and elaborate ornamentation. It is often associated with the Ottoman Empire and is performed on traditional instruments such as the ney (reed flute), ud (lute), and kanun (plucked zither).
* Türk Halk Müziği (Turkish Folk Music): This genre is diverse, with regional variations reflecting different ethnic and cultural influences. It often features call-and-response vocals, driving percussion, and traditional instruments such as the bağlama (long-necked lute), darbuka (goblet drum), and zurna (shawm).
* Tasavvuf Müziği (Sufi Music): Rooted in Islamic mysticism, Sufi music is characterized by spiritual lyrics and devotional practices. It often incorporates elements of classical and folk music, with instruments like the ney, kudüm (drum), and bendir (frame drum) commonly used.
Modern Turkish Music:
* Pop: Turkish pop music is influenced by Western pop, rock, and electronic music, often featuring catchy melodies, dance-able beats, and lyrics in Turkish.
* Rock: The Turkish rock scene has gained prominence over the years, with bands and musicians blending rock sounds with traditional Turkish influences.
* Electronic Music: Turkish DJs and producers have made significant contributions to the global electronic music scene, particularly in genres such as house, techno, and drum and bass.
* Hip-Hop: Turkish hip-hop emerged as a strong cultural movement, addressing social and political issues, with lyrics often delivered in Turkish slang.
In addition to these genres, Turkey is known for its rich musical heritage in instruments making, where traditional instruments like the bağlama, darbuka, and ney continue to play vital roles in contemporary music.