Narrators read a script that adds details and connects one scene to the next. The narrator's role in a short film depends on what kind of film it is. If it's a documentary, the narrator acts as a guide, piecing the parts together and presenting the overall view of the film. For example, after an interview with a particular person, a narrator might say, "On the other hand, John Smith feels differently." The scene then turns to John Smith, whose view contrasts with the previous person. For a fictional short film, the narrator tells us what a character is thinking and gives background information about the story.
The script has everything the narrator needs to say during the film. It might also offer cues to help the narrator, such as suggesting "Excited voice" or "Read slowly." The script is typically prepared by a writer, producer or director, but it could be written by the narrator if she plays a bigger role in the production of the film.
Narrators are often announcers, broadcasters, voice actors or on-screen actors. If the film company doesn't permanently employ the narrator, she's likely to be represented through a talent agency. Like a movie actor's agent, this agency arranges bookings, deals with business affairs and provides guidance for the narrator. Such representation helps the narrator get work. She could also represent herself, personally negotiating with film companies to acquire work and payment.
Narrators do more than just speak out loud. They must be able to read and master a script quickly and apply the right voice for the project. Some films want a low, serious voice, while others want something more playful. Narrators who can offer a wider array of voices have a better chance of finding work. The voice on the short film must be articulate, match the tone and style of the film and draw viewers in, not confuse them with poor diction or an inappropriate accent.