What are 2 factors that cause the pattern of seasons?

1. The tilt of Earth's axis of rotation. The Earth's axis of rotation is tilted away from the Sun by about 23.5 degrees. This tilt causes the amount of sunlight that different parts of the Earth receive to vary throughout the year. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, the days are longer and the nights are shorter. This is summer in the Northern Hemisphere. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun, the days are shorter and the nights are longer. This is winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

2. The Earth's revolution around the Sun. The Earth orbits the Sun in a nearly circular path. The Earth's orbit is not, however, perfectly circular. This means that the distance from the Earth to the Sun varies slightly throughout the year. The closest point in the Earth's orbit to the Sun is called perihelion. Perihelion occurs in early January. The farthest point in the Earth's orbit from the Sun is called aphelion. Aphelion occurs in early July. The Earth's elliptical orbit, also together with the Earth's tilted axis of rotation causes varying intensities of sunlight reaching different parts of the planet at different times of the year and as a result, different seasons.