- Through the title: The title of a story or poem can often give a hint about its theme. For example, a story titled "The Power of Love" is likely to explore the theme of love's strength.
- Through the plot: The plot of a story can also convey the theme. For example, a story about a character who overcomes great obstacles to achieve their goal may be conveying the theme of perseverance.
- Through the characters: The characters in a story or poem can also express the theme. For example, a character who is always kind and compassionate may be embodying the theme of kindness.
- Through the setting: The setting of a story or poem can contribute to the theme. For instance, a story set in a war-torn country may be exploring the theme of violence and conflict.
- Through the use of symbolism: Symbols are objects, people, or events that represent something else. They can be used to convey the theme of a story or poem. For instance, a red rose may be used to symbolize love or passion.
- Through the author's own words: Sometimes, authors will explicitly state the theme of their story or poem through their own words. They may do this in a preface, an afterword, or even within the text itself.