1. Fear of Uncontrolled Scientific Progress:
Shelley's depiction of Victor Frankenstein's obsessive quest to create life exemplifies the fear that society held toward scientific progress. By illustrating the horrifying consequences of unregulated scientific pursuit, she cautions against the hubris of humans who believe they can play God.
2. Ethical Dilemmas:
Shelley raises ethical questions related to scientific experimentation. She explores the fine line between scientific advancement and moral boundaries. The creation of the creature and the subsequent abandonment by Victor pose questions about the responsibility scientists have toward their creations and the potential harm that can result from unethical choices.
3. Dangers of Knowledge and Curiosity:
Shelley suggests that the pursuit of knowledge and curiosity can have dangerous consequences. Victor Frankenstein's insatiable curiosity leads him to seek forbidden knowledge, resulting in the creation of the creature and the tragic events that follow.
4. Isolation and Rejection:
The creature in the novel represents the alienation and rejection faced by those who are different. Shelley examines the social consequences of scientific experimentation and the way society reacts to individuals who are deemed "monstrous" or "other." The creature's plight highlights the broader issue of social exclusion and prejudice.
5. Nature and Science in Conflict:
Shelley presents the conflict between the natural world and scientific intervention. Victor's creation defies the natural order and challenges the boundary between life and death. She suggests that tampering with nature without due consideration can have devastating effects on both the individual and society as a whole.
6. Caution Against Overreaching Human Ambition:
Shelley uses the story to criticize human arrogance and the desire for control. Victor Frankenstein's ambition to become the master of life leads to his downfall and tragedy. The novel serves as a warning against the overreach of human capabilities and the need for humility in the face of scientific progress.
By combining these themes and literary techniques, Mary Shelley uses "Frankenstein" to explore the societal concerns surrounding the Scientific Revolution, ultimately challenging the readers to consider the ethical implications and potential dangers of unfettered scientific pursuit.