1. Reform of the Church:
* Erasmus: His writings, especially "Praise of Folly," criticized the corruption and abuses within the Catholic Church, calling for a return to the original teachings of Christianity. He emphasized the importance of education, scholarship, and a more critical examination of Scripture.
* More: In "Utopia," he presented a fictional society that rejected many of the Church's practices and emphasized social justice, tolerance, and the importance of education. He also wrote "A Dialogue Concerning Heresies" which argued for the importance of open discussion and debate within the Church.
2. A Return to Classical Learning and Philosophy:
* Erasmus: A renowned scholar of Greek and Latin, he promoted the study of classical literature and emphasized its potential for moral and intellectual improvement. He compiled critical editions of the New Testament and other texts, believing that a deeper understanding of ancient knowledge could lead to a more enlightened society.
* More: He was also a skilled scholar of classical languages and literature, and his writings reflected his deep knowledge of classical philosophy. He saw classical learning as a way to cultivate virtue and wisdom.
3. A More Humane and Just Society:
* Erasmus: While he didn't explicitly call for political reform, his writings implied a desire for a more just and equitable society. He championed peace, tolerance, and the importance of understanding and empathy.
* More: In "Utopia," he presented a blueprint for a society built on reason, equality, and social justice. He advocated for policies that would promote the well-being of all citizens, including the poor and marginalized.
4. The Power of Reason and Education:
* Both More and Erasmus: They emphasized the importance of reason and education in achieving individual and societal improvement. They believed that education could lead to a more virtuous and enlightened society, free from prejudice and superstition.
It's important to note that while both More and Erasmus shared these common goals, they also had their differences. Erasmus was more focused on reforming the Church from within, while More was more critical of its existing structures and advocated for more radical changes. Their works are still relevant today for their insights into the challenges and opportunities of reforming institutions, promoting education, and striving for a more just and humane society.