1. The _exposition_ introduces the main themes of the piece. The first theme is a majestic melody played by the strings and woodwinds. The second theme is a more lyrical melody played by the violins.
2. The _development_ section is where the themes from the exposition are developed and varied. The development section of the 1812 Overture is quite extensive, and it includes a number of dramatic passages.
3. The _recapitulation_ section is where the main themes from the exposition are repeated. The recapitulation section of the 1812 Overture is shorter than the development section, and it ends with a triumphant coda.
In addition to the sonata-allegro form, the 1812 Overture also includes a number of other musical forms. For example, the introduction is a free-form section that sets the mood for the piece. The coda is a short section that concludes the piece with a dramatic flourish.
The 1812 Overture is a complex and ambitious work of music. It is a testament to Tchaikovsky's skill as a composer that the piece is able to maintain its interest and excitement throughout its nearly 15-minute duration.