1. Sir C. V. Raman:
- Nobel laureate in Physics (1930).
- Discovered the Raman effect, a phenomenon where light changes its frequency when passing through a medium.
- Born in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu.
2. S. Chandrasekhar:
- Indian-American astrophysicist.
- Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics (1983) for his theoretical studies on the physical processes important for the structure and evolution of stars.
- Originally from Tamil Nadu.
3. V. Krishnaswamy:
- Indian physicist and science writer.
- Former director of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics.
- Made significant contributions to the fields of nuclear physics, cosmic rays, and plasma physics.
- Born in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu.
4. V. Ramanathan:
- Indian-American climate scientist.
- Professor of Atmospheric and Climate Sciences at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.
- Recognized for his work on the role of aerosols and greenhouse gases in climate change.
- Originally from Tamil Nadu.
5. M. S. Swaminathan:
- Geneticist and agricultural scientist.
- Referred to as the "Father of the Green Revolution" in India.
- Awarded the World Food Prize (1987) for his contributions to improving food production in developing countries.
- Born in Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu.
6. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam:
- Aerospace scientist, engineer, and former President of India.
- Known as "Missile Man" for his contributions to India's missile programs.
- Also served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007.
- Born in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu.
7. C. N. R. Rao:
- Well-known solid-state and materials chemist.
- The Linus Pauling Chair Professor at Georgia Institute of Technology, USA.
- Awarded Bharat Ratna, the highest civilian award of India.
- Born in Bengaluru, Karnataka (parents were from Tamil Nadu).
8. R. Chidambaram:
- Nuclear physicist and former chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission of India.
- Made significant contributions to the fields of nuclear physics, neutron physics, and experimental reactor physics.
- Born in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu.
9. R. A. Mashelkar:
- Chemical engineer, former Director-General of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in India.
- Recipient of several national and international awards for his contributions to science and technology.
- Born in Mashel, Maharashtra (parents were from Tamil Nadu).
10. M. Vijayan:
- Well-known molecular biophysicist.
- Currently, the President of the Indian National Science Academy.
- Contributed significantly to the field of biomolecular crystallography.
- Born in Trichy, Tamil Nadu.
These scientists have made significant contributions to their respective fields and are widely recognized for their scientific achievements.