Orifice
An orifice is a thin plate with a sharp-edged hole in it. The fluid flows through the hole, and the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream sides of the orifice is measured. This pressure difference is proportional to the flow rate of the fluid.
Orifices are commonly used to measure the flow rate of liquids and gases. They are relatively inexpensive and easy to install, and they can be used in a variety of applications. However, orifices can cause a significant pressure drop in the fluid, which can be a disadvantage in some applications.
Mouthpiece
A mouthpiece is a short tube with a rounded entrance. The fluid flows through the mouthpiece, and the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream sides of the mouthpiece is measured. This pressure difference is proportional to the flow rate of the fluid.
Mouthpieces are commonly used to measure the flow rate of gases. They are more accurate than orifices, but they are also more expensive and difficult to install. Mouthpieces are typically used in applications where accuracy is important, such as in laboratory settings.
Applications
Orifices and mouthpieces are used in a wide variety of applications, including:
* Measuring the flow rate of water in a pipe
* Measuring the flow rate of air in a duct
* Measuring the flow rate of natural gas in a pipeline
* Measuring the flow rate of oil in a refinery
Orifices and mouthpieces are an important tool in fluid mechanics, and they are used in a variety of industries to ensure that fluids are flowing at the correct rate.