1. To create a sense of luxury or opulence. Shiny or smooth surfaces can reflect light and create a sense of glamour and luxury. This can be especially important for pieces of art that are intended to be displayed in prominent places, such as in a gallery or museum.
2. To highlight the natural beauty of the materials used. Many African artists use natural materials in their work, such as wood, metal, and stone. By polishing these materials until they are shiny or smooth, artists can bring out their natural grain and color, and create a sense of harmony and balance in the artwork.
3. To make the artwork more durable. Shiny or smooth surfaces are less likely to be damaged by wear and tear, which can be important for pieces of art that are intended to be used or displayed for a long period of time.
4. To create a sense of mystery or intrigue. Shiny or smooth surfaces can reflect light in unexpected ways, creating a sense of mystery or intrigue in the artwork. This can be especially effective for pieces of art that are intended to be viewed from multiple angles or in different lighting conditions.
5. To simply create a visually appealing piece of art. Shiny or smooth surfaces can simply be visually appealing, and artists may use them to create a piece of art that is simply beautiful to look at.
Of course, not all African artists make their artwork shiny or smooth. There are many different styles and techniques of African art, and some artists prefer to leave their work in a natural or rough state. However, the use of shiny or smooth surfaces is a common feature of many African art traditions, and it can add a unique and distinctive element to the artwork.