Think of depictions of the elements of nature in art and you will probably think of paintings. Greek art was primarily architecture and sculpture. They did not produce paintings as we think of them or things you would hang on the wall. Greek artists did paint murals but, for the most part, they decorated pottery, especially vases. The subjects were mostly people with the occasional animal in the sculpture. The Greeks are famous for their forms of architecture.
The four classical elements, earth, air, fire and water, were important in the Babylonian and in classical Greek civilizations. The Greeks passed these values on through the Middle Ages to the Renaissance in Europe and influenced Western thinking. In Greece, the natural elements were studied more as a part of science than art. Aristotle described the elements and observed that the stars were probably composed of something different. Ether was identified as the fifth element.
The role of the four elements in Western thought detoured from Greece through Arabia. An alchemist was part scientist and part philosopher. Alchemists are usually considered to be people who believed other elements could be changed into gold. An Arabic alchemist added mercury and sulphur to the other elements. This, combined with Aristotelian thought, brought about a classification of elements being identified that resembled the modern Periodic Table. While science and art developed together during the Renaissance, this was not a feature of ancient Greece.
The statue of Nike of Samothrace, also called Winged Victory, is the one famous work of art from Greece that shows the influence of an element. The goddess is positioned on the prow of a ship and draped in robes that are clearly blown by the wind. The statue was probably carved by an artist from Rhodes and celebrated the triumphant victory over Antiochus the Great by Eudamos of Rhodes in 190 B.C.