Props
Props were used to represent a variety of objects, from furniture to weapons to food. For example, in the play "Romeo and Juliet," a bed was used to represent the lovers' bedchamber. In the play "Hamlet," a skull was used to represent the ghost of Hamlet's father.
Costumes
Costumes were used to indicate a character's social status, occupation, and personality. For example, in the play "The Merchant of Venice," the Jewish moneylender Shylock wore a long black robe and a yellow hat, which were both symbols of his religion. In the play "Twelfth Night," the character of Viola disguised herself as a man by wearing men's clothing.
The use of props and costumes helped to create a more immersive and realistic experience for the audience. They helped to bring the characters and the story to life, and they made it easier for the audience to understand what was happening on stage.