* Before sunset on Friday evening:
* Light Shabbat candles. Usually done by the woman of the house or the eldest daughter.
* Bless the wine. The head of the household recites a blessing over a cup of wine.
* After sunset:
* Say the Kiddush. A prayer recited over the wine and sanctifying the Shabbat.
* Eat the Shabbat meal. Traditionally, this includes two loaves of challah bread dipped in salt, along with other festive dishes.
2. Observing Shabbat
* Attend synagogue services. Many Jews attend synagogue on Friday night and Saturday morning for special Shabbat prayers.
* Rest and refrain from work. Activities like cooking and writing are generally avoided, as they are considered work.
* Spend time with family and friends. Shabbat is a time for socializing and enjoying each other's company.
3. Concluding Shabbat
* At the end of Shabbat:
* Say the Havdalah prayer. A prayer recited at the end of Shabbat, symbolizing the separation between the holy day and the rest of the week.
* Break the challah bread. This act symbolizes the end of Shabbat and the beginning of the new week.