When using a double-acting cylinder as a single-acting cylinder, the blocked port will act as the "inert end" of the cylinder, while the pressurized fluid will enter through the remaining open port and cause the cylinder to extend or retract (depending on the orientation of the cylinder).
Using a double-acting cylinder as a single-acting cylinder can be advantageous in certain situations, particularly when you require the full force and stroke length of the double-acting cylinder but only need to actuate it in one direction.