Background: Before the events of the play, Thebes was ruled by Oedipus, the father of Eteocles, Antigone, and Ismene. After a devastating plague hit the city, it was revealed that Oedipus had unknowingly committed several grave sins, leading to his exile.
Strife Between Brothers: The two sons of Oedipus, Polyneices and Eteocles, agreed to alternate on the throne of Thebes every year. However, after the first year, Eteocles refused to step down, so Polyneices decided to attack Thebes with an invading army.
Battle at Thebes: When the battle ensued, Polyneices fought against Eteocles, resulting in a duel between the two brothers.
Mutual Murder: In the fierce encounter, both Eteocles and Polyneices killed each other. Their conflict continued to divide the city beyond their deaths. Thebes experienced political uncertainty, as Creon, brother-in-law of Eteocles, ascended to power due to this chaos.