How do shadow puppets work?

Shadow puppets work by manipulating flat, often cutout, figures between a light source and a viewing screen. The figures can be made from various materials such as paper, cardboard, leather, or plastic. They are typically attached to sticks or rods that the puppeteer holds and moves to create the illusion of movement. The light source, usually a candle, lamp, or projector, projects the shadows of the puppets onto the screen, creating a dynamic, larger-than-life performance. The puppeteer carefully controls the position, movement, and angles of the puppets, creating a captivating play of shadows, light, and storytelling. Shadow puppets have been a form of theatrical art across many cultures for centuries and continue to captivate audiences with their unique visual magic.