The characters are the people (or sometimes animals) who appear in the play. They may be real or fictional, and they may be based on historical figures or events. The characters are what drive the plot of the play, and they provide the audience with a way to connect with the story.
Plot
The plot is the sequence of events that make up the play. It is usually divided into three parts: the exposition, the rising action, and the falling action. The exposition introduces the characters and setting of the play, and the rising action builds up the conflict and tension. The falling action leads to the resolution of the conflict, or climax, of the play.
Setting
The setting is the time and place in which the play takes place. It may be a real or fictional location, and it may be specific or general. The setting can help to create the mood and atmosphere of the play, and it can also be used to symbolize or foreshadow events in the play.
Dialogue
The dialogue is the conversation between the characters in the play. It is what the characters say to each other, and it is how they express their thoughts and feelings. The dialogue is essential to the play because it helps to advance the plot, develop the characters, and create the mood and atmosphere of the play.
Theme
The theme of a play is its main idea or message. It is often expressed through the characters, plot, setting, and dialogue of the play. The theme can be anything from a simple moral lesson to a complex exploration of human nature.