* Bandleader: In 1923, Ellington formed his first band, the Duke Ellington Orchestra. The orchestra quickly gained popularity, and Ellington became one of the most famous bandleaders of the swing era. The orchestra performed throughout the United States and Europe, and it recorded numerous albums.
* Composer: Ellington was a prolific composer, and he wrote over a thousand songs. His compositions include "It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)", "Mood Indigo", and "Sophisticated Lady". Ellington's music is characterized by its complex rhythms, harmonies, and melodies.
* Arranger: Ellington was also a skilled arranger, and he arranged many of the songs that he wrote. His arrangements were often complex and innovative, and they helped to define the sound of the Duke Ellington Orchestra.
* Actor: Ellington also appeared in a number of films, including "Cabin in the Sky" (1943), "Stormy Weather" (1943), and "Paris Blues" (1961). He also narrated the film "Black and Tan Fantasy" (1929).
* Businessman: Ellington was a successful businessman, and he owned several businesses, including a music publishing company, a record label, and a nightclub. He also managed the careers of other musicians, such as Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong.
* Educator: Ellington was also an educator, and he taught at several universities, including the Juilliard School of Music and Yale University. He also gave lectures and workshops on jazz music.
* Humanitarian: Ellington was a humanitarian, and he was involved in a number of charitable organizations. He was also a supporter of the civil rights movement, and he performed at several rallies and demonstrations.