What did Jean Henri Dunant do?
Jean Henri Dunant was a Swiss businessman and social activist who is considered the founder of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.
Here's what he did:
* Witness to the Battle of Solferino: In 1859, Dunant witnessed the horrors of the Battle of Solferino, a battle in the Second Italian War of Independence. He was deeply moved by the suffering of wounded soldiers on both sides and the lack of medical care available to them.
* "A Memory of Solferino": Inspired by the experience, Dunant wrote a book titled "A Memory of Solferino" in 1862, which called for the establishment of volunteer aid societies to assist the wounded in wartime.
* Geneva Convention: His book and advocacy helped to initiate the establishment of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in 1863. Dunant also played a key role in the drafting of the first Geneva Convention in 1864, which established the protection of wounded soldiers and medical personnel during wartime.
* Nobel Peace Prize: Dunant was awarded the first Nobel Peace Prize in 1901, along with Frédéric Passy, for his humanitarian work.
In summary, Jean Henri Dunant's work led to the creation of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and the establishment of the Geneva Conventions, which have saved countless lives and protected the vulnerable during conflicts and disasters around the world.