What is libretto in an opera?

In an opera, the libretto is the written text that forms the basis of the sung parts of the work. It is essentially the story or narrative of the opera. The librettist is the person responsible for writing the libretto, and they work closely with the composer to ensure that the text fits well with the music and dramatic requirements of the opera.

A libretto typically includes the lyrics for the arias, recitatives, and other vocal parts, as well as stage directions and descriptions of the characters, setting, and plot. It serves as a guide for the singers, conductor, and other performers involved in the production of the opera.

Librettos can vary in length and complexity, depending on the nature of the opera. Some operas have relatively simple librettos, while others can be quite complex and involve multiple storylines, characters, and dramatic elements.

Opera librettos are often based on existing literary works, such as plays, poems, or novels, but they can also be original creations. Throughout the history of opera, librettists have played a vital role in shaping the overall artistic expression and impact of operatic works.