- Spectacle: Opera offered an opulent, theatrical experience that catered to the upper and upper-middle classes, who were the primary patrons of the art form. The costumes, sets, special effects, and grandiose nature of opera made it a must-see for the most fashionable people in society.
- Narrative power: Opera excelled in telling intricate and powerful stories that could entertain and move a large audience. By combining music, drama, scenery, and costume, opera had the ability to create experiences that left audiences in awe.
- Vocal talent: The singers who performed in operas were often virtuosic performers who had undergone rigorous training. Their ability to hit challenging high notes, execute intricate vocal runs, and act naturally on stage were essential to the success of an opera.
- Emotional resonance: Opera music was designed to evoke strong emotions, such as joy, sorrow, love, and despair, through the use of dramatic music and expressive singing. This emotional resonance was one of the key reasons why opera appealed to such a wide audience.
In addition to these factors, the popularity of opera was also driven by the rise of professional opera companies, the increasing accessibility of opera performances, and the growing interest in classical music in the 19th century.