Librettos are typically written in poetic or verse form and may include dialogue, solos, arias, choruses, and recitatives. They often present the story of the opera, the characters' journey, and the climax and resolution of the plot. Librettists, the writers of librettos, work closely with composers to ensure that the text fits the musical composition.
Librettos can vary in length and complexity, depending on the scope of the opera. Some librettos are based on existing literary works, such as plays, poems, or novels, while others are original works written specifically for the opera.
In the process of creating an opera, the composer sets the libretto to music, which includes writing melodies, harmonies, and instrumental arrangements. The libretto provides the framework for the composer's musical interpretation, and the interplay of music and text creates the complete operatic experience.