1. President of the United States: In the United States, the president serves as both head of state and head of government. The president's responsibilities include representing the nation, directing the executive branch, enforcing laws, and acting as commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
2. Prime Minister of the United Kingdom: In the United Kingdom, the prime minister serves as head of government and chairs the cabinet. They are responsible for setting policy priorities and leading the country's executive branch. The prime minister is accountable to the parliament and must maintain the confidence of the House of Commons.
3. Emperor of Japan: Japan's emperor serves as the head of state and symbol of the nation. While Japan has a constitutional monarchy, the emperor's role is primarily ceremonial, with limited political or governmental authority.
4. General Secretary of the Communist Party of China: In China, the general secretary of the Communist Party holds significant power as the party's top leader. China operates under a one-party state, and the general secretary holds substantial influence in decision-making, policy implementation, and overall leadership of the country.
5. Chancellor of Germany: In Germany, the chancellor serves as the head of government and chairs the cabinet. They set policy priorities, lead the executive branch, and represent Germany both domestically and internationally.
It is important to note that the specific roles and responsibilities of leaders may vary depending on the country's political system, constitutional structure, and historical traditions.