1. Logical Arguments: Antigone presents logical reasoning by referring to their duty as sisters to honor and bury their brother, Polynices. She argues that they cannot abandon him and must defy the king's orders, as the unwritten laws of the gods demand proper burial.
2. Appeal to Morality: Antigone appeals to Ismene's moral compass, reminding her of their shared values and beliefs in the sacredness of family bonds. She stresses that they should not fear punishment from the king compared to the divine punishment they may face for neglecting their duty.
3. Consequential Thinking: Antigone points out the potential consequences of their inaction. She argues that if they fail to bury Polynices, they will not only be disregarding their brother's rights but also setting a dangerous precedent that could undermine their family's reputation and their own personal integrity.
4. Reference to Social Norms: Antigone highlights societal expectations and norms regarding the proper burial of the dead. She argues that they cannot ignore these norms and customs without facing social disapproval and moral guilt.
5. Comparison of Motivations: Antigone contrasts her motivations with Ismene's concerns about the king's power. She asserts that she values the divine laws and familial obligations above any fear of punishment, demonstrating her rational prioritization of moral principles.
Overall, Antigone uses reason in the opening scene with Ismene by presenting logical arguments, appealing to shared morality, considering the consequences of their actions, referencing societal norms, and contrasting their motivations. Her reasoning attempts to persuade Ismene to join her in their duty, emphasizing the importance of honoring their brother and upholding the sacredness of family bonds.