1. Moral Descent: The conversation demonstrates how far Macbeth has fallen from his initial sense of morality. He orders the murder of Banquo and his son, Fleance, violating moral and social boundaries he previously respected.
2. Fear of Prophecy: Macbeth's motivation to kill Banquo stems from the witches' prophecy that Banquo's descendants will rule Scotland. His desperation to protect his power highlights his fear of losing the kingship and reveals his growing paranoia.
3. Lack of Empathy: Throughout the conversation, Macbeth displays a lack of empathy for the victims. He coldly instructs the murderers to carry out the deed, showing no regard for the lives of Banquo and Fleance.
4. Insecurity and Guilt: Macbeth's insecurities about his legitimacy as king are evident as he justifies the murders by presenting Banquo as a threat. His guilt and awareness of his crimes manifest in his intense anxiety and need to eliminate any potential challengers.
5. Loss of Control: Macbeth's grip on reality seems to be slipping as he becomes increasingly consumed by his ambition and fear. The conversation showcases his emotional instability and his spiraling descent into madness.
6. Willingness to Commit Atrocities: Macbeth's willingness to stoop to any level, even murder, indicates his moral decay and the lengths he is prepared to go to maintain power.
Overall, the conversation with the murderers reveals Macbeth's moral degeneration, his intense desire to retain his newfound kingship, and his growing sense of guilt and paranoia, which drive him to commit even more heinous acts.