1. Noble Birth: Oedipus is the son of Laius, the king of Thebes, and Jocasta, the queen. Although he is unaware of his true parentage for most of the play, his noble birth is revealed in the end.
2. Great Strength and Courage: Oedipus demonstrates his strength and courage in his battles with the Sphinx and Creon. He fearlessly faces the challenges that come his way and overcomes them with determination.
3. Tragic Flaw (Hamartia): Oedipus' tragic flaw is his excessive pride and stubbornness. He refuses to believe the prophecies and warnings that come his way, leading to his downfall. His tragic flaw is also rooted in his desire for knowledge and truth, which ultimately leads to his suffering.
4. Recognition and Reversal: Oedipus' recognition and reversal occur when he learns the truth about his parentage and the circumstances surrounding his father's death. This revelation leads to a profound change in his life, as he realizes the extent of his suffering and the consequences of his actions.
5. Suffering and Catharsis: Oedipus undergoes immense suffering as he uncovers the truth about his past. His suffering arouses pity and fear in the audience, leading to a sense of catharsis. The play's tragic conclusion serves as a cautionary tale about the consequences of pride, fate, and the limitations of human knowledge.