Who is fault was the death of Thomas Becket?

The death of Thomas Becket was a complex event with multiple factors contributing to it. Henry II, King of England, bears significant responsibility for creating the circumstances that led to Becket's death. By appointing Becket as the Archbishop of Canterbury and expecting him to be a loyal subject, Henry failed to recognize the potential conflict between Becket's religious duties and his loyalty to the crown.

Henry's disagreements with Becket over the extent of the church's authority and the rights of the clergy created tensions that escalated over time. Henry's frustration with Becket's opposition to his policies, particularly concerning the jurisdiction of ecclesiastical courts, led to public criticisms and threats against Becket. However, it is crucial to note that Henry may not have intended for his words to be taken literally or to result in violence.

The individuals who ultimately carried out the murder of Becket cannot be absolved of their responsibility. Reginald FitzUrse, William de Tracy, Hugh de Morville, and Richard le Breton, known as the "Four Knights," acted on their own accord when they confronted Becket in Canterbury Cathedral and killed him. Whether they misinterpreted Henry's intentions or were motivated by personal grievances, their actions were a direct cause of Becket's death.

Therefore, while Henry II's role in creating the atmosphere of conflict contributed to Becket's death, the direct responsibility lies with the Knights responsible for the fatal attack. Henry may bear responsibility for not managing the conflict effectively and failing to prevent the escalation of tensions, but he did not explicitly order or intend for Becket to be killed.